383. Matthijs P Raadsen, Christine Dahlke, Anahita Fathi, etc., Monkeypox Virus Cross-Neutralizing Antibodies in Clinical Trial Participants Vaccinated With Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Encoding Middle East Respiratory Syndrome–Coronavirus Spike Protein, 2023.03.01, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad052 . Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is used as a vaccine against monkeypox virus and as a viral vaccine vector. MVA-MERS-S is a vaccine candidate against Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)–associated coronavirus. Here, we report that cross-reactive monkeypox virus neutralizing antibodies were detectable in only a single study participant after the first dose of MVA-MERS-S vaccine, in 3 of 10 after the second dose, and in 10 of 10 after the third dose.

382. Eleanor Y Lim, James Whitehorn, Lucy Rivett, Monkeypox: a review of the 2022 outbreak, 2023.02.06, https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldad002 . This review summarizes the virology, history, epidemiology, clinical features and treatment options available for monkeypox infections, and discusses areas of the most pressing need for further research. The number of deaths remains much lower than prior reported outbreaks, although this may increase if there is sustained human-to-human transmission and more individuals from high-risk populations are exposed to the disease. It is likely that only with a sustained, collaborative international effort can we seek to contain this current outbreak.

381. María Jesús Vivancos-Gallego, Matilde Sánchez-Conde, Mario Rodríguez-Domínguez, etc., Human Monkeypox in People With HIV: Transmission, Clinical Features, and Outcome, 2022.10.19, https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac557 . The study describes a series of 25 consecutive patients with HIV and monkeypox coinfection to further understand this population’s clinical characteristics and transmission risks.

380. Joshua A Barocas, Steffanie A Strathdee, Beyond Sex: Human Monkeypox Virus is an Emerging Threat to Marginalized Populations, 2022.10.17, https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/9/11/ofac551/6761765 . The article presents increased risks of the human version of the monkeypox virus pose increased risks in people experiencing homelessness and those with substance use disorders and provides recommendations that could help mitigate the spread.

379. rudy M. Wassenaar, Visanu Wanchai, David W. Ussery, Comparison of Monkeypox virus genomes from the 2017 Nigeria outbreak and the 2022 outbreak, 2022.07.21, https://academic.oup.com/jambio/article/133/6/3690/6989134 . The research consider the possibility that mutations in the viral genome may be responsible for its changed characteristics.

378. Lauren N. Cooper, Alexander P. Radunsky, John J. Hanna, etc., Analyzing an Emerging Pandemic on Twitter: Monkeypox, 2023.03.08, https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad142 . Using Twitter as an example of social media to identify public knowledge and opinions on the monkeypox virus and related public health issues.

377. Adelaide Madera, Governments’ Legal Responses and Judicial Reactions during a Global Pandemic: Preliminary Remarks, 2022.11.15, https://academic.oup.com/jcs/article/64/4/551/6825766 . The remark tends to put forward a key question in the “culture wars”: whether and to what extent religious freedom still deserves special protection or whether it should be put on an equal footing with secular interests.

376. Vana Sypsa, Ioannis Mameletzis, Sotirios Tsiodras, Transmission Potential of Human Monkeypox in Mass Gatherings, 2022.10.25, https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/9/11/ofac501/6770666 . The research aims to assess the potential for monkeypox transmission under various scenarios concerning number of contacts and discuss the implications for transmission in venues and settings where conditions are conducive to amplifying spread.

375. Victoria L Moore, Luke D Graham, R (Gardner and Harris) v Secretary of State for Health and Social care and Others [2022] EWHC 967: Scant regard for Covid-19 risk to care homes, 2022.11.08, https://academic.oup.com/medlaw/advance-article/doi/10.1093/medlaw/fwac044/6809926 . This commentary presents a discussion of the heads of claim and the potential implications upon the upcoming public inquiry into the government’s pandemic response in the case of R (Gardner and Harris) v Secretary of State for Health and Social care and Others [2022] EWHC 967.

374. Nasiya Daminova, Shisong Jiang, The First Working Draft of the WHO’s ‘Pandemic Treaty’: attempting to cover normative gaps indicated by the COVID-19 pandemic?, 2022.10.13, https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-first-working-draft-of-the-whos-pandemic-treaty-attempting-to-cover-normative-gaps-indicated-by-the-covid-19-pandemic/ . This post aims to provide a brief overview of the first working draft of the WHO pandemic treaty and to indicate the key issues which appeared during the negotiation process. It mainly argues that the drafters attempted to cover the vast majority of the normative gaps indicated by the COVID-19 outbreak, while striving to consider the simultaneous revision of the International Health Regulations which still retain their force as a legal instrument of global pandemic governance.

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