363.
Lucy S Witt, Jessica R Howard-Anderson, etc.,
The impact of COVID-19 on multidrug-resistant organisms causing healthcare-associated infections: a narrative review, 2022.12.29,
https://academic.oup.com/jacamr/article/5/1/dlac130/6964822?searchresult=1 .
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) changed healthcare across the world. With this change came an increase in healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and a concerning concurrent proliferation of MDR organisms (MDROs). In this narrative review, we describe the impact of COVID-19 on HAIs and MDROs, describe potential causes of these changes, and discuss future directions to combat the observed rise in rates of HAIs and MDRO infections.
362.
Hsiang-Yeh Chen, Johnny Kuang-Wu Lee, etc.,
A global spatial analysis of factors associated with case and mortality rates for coronavirus disease 2019 during the first year of the pandemic, 2022.12.29,
https://academic.oup.com/trstmh/advance-article/doi/10.1093/trstmh/trac121/6965062?searchresult=1 .
A increasing number of studies have revealed associations between country-level determinants and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. Obesity was significantly and positively associated with COVID-19 case and mortality rates in both the main and sensitivity analyses. With the increasing global prevalence of obesity, the relationship between obesity and COVID-19 disease at the country level must be clarified and continually monitored.
361.
M Moreno Martínez, M Feijoo-Cid, etc.,
Psychosocial risk in healthcare workers after one year of COVID-19, 2022.12.30,
https://academic.oup.com/occmed/advance-article/doi/10.1093/occmed/kqac121/6965872?searchresult=1 .
The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed the capacity of the healthcare system, affecting the volume of demands and the care tasks of healthcare workers. Exposure to psychosocial risks was already high during the first wave and a significant decline in working conditions was observed. The prolongation of the pandemic exacerbated these results and seems to have multiplied the pre-existing inequalities between the axes of segregation in the labour market.
360.
Henry King, Bethany Williams, etc.,
How, for whom, and in what contexts will artificial intelligence be adopted in pathology? A realist interview study, 2022.12.24,
https://academic.oup.com/jamia/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jamia/ocac254/6960637?searchresult=1 .
It must not be assumed that AI tools that provide benefit in one subspecialty will provide benefit in others. Pathologists should be involved in the decision to introduce AI, with opportunity to assess strengths and weaknesses. Further research is needed concerning the evidence required to satisfy pathologists regarding the benefits of AI.
359.
Ben Saunders,
How Mandatory Can We Make Vaccination?, 2022.12.21,
https://academic.oup.com/phe/advance-article/doi/10.1093/phe/phac026/6955798?searchresult=1 .
The novel coronavirus pandemic has refocused attention on the issue of mandatory vaccination. Some have suggested that vaccines ought to be mandatory, while others propose more moderate alternatives, such as incentives. This piece surveys a range of possible interventions, ranging from mandates through to education.
358.
Nergis Imprachim, Yuliana Yosaatmadja, etc.,
Crystal structures and fragment screening of SARS-CoV-2 NSP14 reveal details of exoribonuclease activation and mRNA capping and provide starting points for antiviral drug development, 2022.12.22,
https://academic.oup.com/nar/advance-article/doi/10.1093/nar/gkac1207/6956356?searchresult=1 .
NSP14 is a dual function enzyme containing an N-terminal exonuclease domain (ExoN) and C-terminal Guanine-N7-methyltransferase (N7-MTase) domain. We perform an X-ray fragment screen on NSP14, revealing 72 hits bound to sites of inhibition in the ExoN and MTase domains. These fragments serve as excellent starting point tools for structure guided development of NSP14 inhibitors that may be used to treat COVID-19 and potentially other future viral threats.
357.
Michael A Casasanta, G M Jonaid, etc.,
Structural Insights of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein: Implications for the Inner-workings of Rapid Antigen Tests, 2022.12.22,
https://academic.oup.com/mam/advance-article/doi/10.1093/micmic/ozac036/6957293?searchresult=1 .
Complementary modeling results suggested that N protein structures from known VOC are nearly 100% conserved at specific antibody-binding sites. These results suggest that rapid tests that target the nucleocapsid C-terminal domain should have similar accuracy across all VOCs. Our combined structural modeling workflow may guide the design of immune therapies to counter viral processes as we plan for future variants and pandemics.
356.
Frederic Reicherz, Rui Yang Xu, etc.,
Waning Immunity Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic, 2022.05.07,
https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/226/12/2064/6582314 .
Health jurisdictions have seen a near-disappearance of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) during the first year of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Over this corresponding period, we report a reduction in RSV antibody levels and live virus neutralization in sera from women of childbearing age and infants between May to June 2020 and February to June 2021, in British Columbia (BC), Canada. This supports that antibody immunity against RSV is relatively short-lived and that maintaining optimal antibody levels in infants requires repeated maternal viral exposure. Waning immunity may explain the interseasonal resurgence of RSV cases observed in BC and other countries.
355.
Alexandre Afonso, Fabio Votta,
Electoral and religious correlates of COVID-19 vaccination rates in Dutch municipalities, 2022.08.23,
https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article/32/6/985/6673913 .
Vaccination campaigns amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have been extensively politicized in a number of countries. Controlling for a number of demographic, social and economic factors, we find a negative statistical relationship between the aggregate vote share of the populist-right wing Forum for Democracy and the vaccination rate against COVID-19 across Dutch municipalities. We also find a negative relationship between the proportion of individuals with reformed Protestant and Muslim religious beliefs.
354.
Maj Britt Dahl Nielsen, Ola Ekholm, etc.,
Mental wellbeing among Danish employees during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from a longitudinal study on the role of industry and working environment, 2022.10.13,
https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article/32/6/871/6760677 .
Previous studies have primarily focused on the mental health and wellbeing of healthcare workers and are mostly based on cross-sectional data from non-representative samples. The aim of this study was to investigate mental wellbeing trajectories among employees from different industries, and to longitudinally identify factors that affect mental wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic, including job insecurity, fear of COVID-19, working from home or being discharged with wage compensation and management quality. We found that mental wellbeing declined among employees in all industries with no difference between industries.
Beijing Interest Group on Global Health and Global Governance
Contact: secretary@bigghgg.cn