300.
Mohammed Noushad, Mohammed Sadeg Al-Awar, etc.,
Lack of Access to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines Could Be a Greater Threat than Vaccine Hesitancy in Low-Income and Conflict Nations: The Case of Yemen, 2022.02.02,
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/75/10/1827/6520556 .
We conducted a nation-wide cross-sectional survey among the general population in Yemen, a low-income conflict country. Overall, 50.1% of the 5329 respondents agreed to accept a COVID-19 vaccine and only 39.9% of participants agreed that they had access to a COVID-19 vaccine, with females indicating lower access than males. Overall, 50.1% of the 5329 respondents agreed to accept a COVID-19 vaccine. Only 39.9% of participants agreed that they had access to a COVID-19 vaccine, with females indicating lower access than males.
299.
Saoussen Ben Abdallah, Yosra Mhalla, etc.,
Twice-Daily Oral Zinc in the Treatment of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial, 2022.11.04,
https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciac807/6795268?searchresult=1 .
Zinc supplementation has been considered a potential therapy for COVID-19. We aimed to examine zinc efficacy in adult patients with COVID-19 infection. We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial, and found that, in COVID-19 patients, oral zinc can decrease 30-day death, ICU admission rate and can shorten symptom duration.
298.
Faris Chalali, Marie Merlant, etc.,
Histological Features Associated With Human Monkeypox Virus Infection in 2022 Outbreak in a Nonendemic Country, 2022.11.01,
https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciac856/6787607 .
Skin histology of papules and pustules from 5 men having sex with men with Monkeypox infection showed viral intracytoplasmic cytopathic changes, interface dermatitis, marked inflammatory dermic infiltrate including superficial neutrophils and perivascular and periadnexal deep lymphocytes. Histologic description of Monkeypox lesions improves our understanding about clinical presentations and may have some therapeutic implications.
297.
Ann E Woolley, Scott Dryden-Peterson, etc.,
At-home Testing and Risk Factors for Acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Major US Metropolitan Area, 2022.10.05,
https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/9/11/ofac505/6748960 .
Unbiased assessment of the risks associated with acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 is critical to informing mitigation efforts during pandemics. The objective of our study was to understand the risk factors for acquiring COVID-19 in a large prospective cohort of adult residents in a large US metropolitan area. These results demonstrate that race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status are the biggest determinants of acquisition of infection.
296.
Lucy Bray, Katerina Meznikova, etc.,
Misdiagnoses in the Context of Suspected Pandemic Influenza or Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review, 2022.10.05,
https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/9/11/ofac515/6748966 .
There have been numerous reports of patients initially misdiagnosed in the 2009 H1N1 influenza and COVID-19 pandemics within the literature. We identified 686 cases of misdiagnosis, categorized as viral respiratory infection, other respiratory infection, non-respiratory infection, and non-infective. Further research is required to understand why misdiagnoses occur and harm arises and how clinicians can be assisted in their decision making in a pandemic context.
295.
Helen M Chun, Kyle Milligan, etc.,
A Systematic Review of COVID-19 Vaccine Antibody Responses in People With HIV, 2022.11.08,
https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/9/11/ofac579/6811510 .
We summarize COVID-19 vaccine responses in people with HIV (PWH). A systematic literature review of studies from January 1, 2020, to March 31, 2022, of COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity in PWH from multiple databases was performed. While 22 (73%) studies reported high COVID-19 vaccine seroconversion rates in PWH, PWH with lower baseline CD4 counts, CD4/CD8 ratios, or higher baseline viral loads had lower seroconversion rates and immunologic titers. Data on vaccine-induced seroconversion in PWH are reassuring, but more research is needed to evaluate the durability of COVID-19 vaccine responses in PWH.
294.
Joshua A Barocas, Steffanie A Strathdee, etc.,
Beyond Sex: Human Monkeypox Virus is an Emerging Threat to Marginalized Populations, 2022.10.17,
https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/9/11/ofac551/6761765 .
People experiencing homelessness and those with substance use disorders are vulnerable to MPXV. People with substance use disorders, specifically those who inject drugs, are at increased risk due to lack of access to sterile injection equipment. We present a spectrum of structural determinants underpinning increased risks in these populations and recommendations that could help mitigate the spread.
293.
Catherine H Bozio, Kristen Butterfield, etc.,
Relative Risks of COVID-19–Associated Hospitalizations and Clinical Outcomes by Age and Race/Ethnicity—March 2020–March 2021, 2022.10.05,
https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/9/10/ofac376/6748239 .
Limited data exist on population-based risks and risk ratios (RRs) of COVID-19-associated hospitalizations and clinical outcomes stratified by age and race/ethnicity. Using data from electronic health records and claims from 4 US health systems for the period March 2020-March 2021, we calculated risk and RR by age and race/ethnicity for COVID-19-associated hospitalizations and clinical outcomes among adults. During the first year of the US COVID-19 pandemic in this cohort, older non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic adults had the highest relative risks of COVID-19-associated hospitalization and adverse outcomes and, among those with select underlying conditions, the highest occurrences of acute exacerbations of underlying conditions.
292.
Mark J Siedner, Christopher Alba, etc.,
Cost-effectiveness of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, 2022.06.13,
https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/226/11/1887/6606162 .
Despite the advent of safe and effective coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines, pervasive inequities in global vaccination persist. We projected health benefits and donor costs of delivering vaccines for up to 60% of the population in 91 low- and middle-income countries. Funding expanded COVID-19 vaccine delivery in LMICs would save hundreds of thousands of lives, be similarly or more cost-effective than other donor-funded global aid programs, and improve health equity.
291.
Dan-Yu Lin, Donglin Zeng, etc.,
Reliably Assessing Duration of Protection for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines, 2022.04.21,
https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/226/11/1863/6571630 .
Decision making about vaccination and boosting schedules for COVID-19 hinges on reliable methods for evaluating the longevity of vaccine protection. We show that modeling of protection as a piecewise linear function of time since vaccination for the log hazard ratio of the vaccine effect provides more reliable estimates of vaccine effectiveness at the end of an observation period and also detects plateaus in protective effectiveness more reliably than the standard method of estimating a constant vaccine effect over each time period.
Chinese Society of International Law, in association with Chinese Institute of International Law at China Foreign Affairs University, and National Center for Foreign-related Rule of Law Research at China Foreign Affairs University
Contact: secretary@bigghgg.cn