164. Kirsten R Palmer, Michael Tanner, etc.,, Widespread implementation of a low-cost telehealth service in the delivery of antenatal care during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time-series analysis, 2021.07.03, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00668-1 . This study finds that telehealth integrated antenatal care enabled the reduction of in-person consultations by 50% without compromising pregnancy outcomes. This care model can help to minimise in-person interactions during the COVID-19 pandemic, but should also be considered in post-pandemic health-care models.

163. Mine Durusu Tanriover, Hamdi Levent Doğanay, etc., , Efficacy and safety of an inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac): interim results of a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial in Turkey, 2021.07.08 , https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01429-X . This study finds that CoronaVac has high efficacy against PCR-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 with a good safety and tolerability profile.

162. Thomas M Drake, Aya M Riad, etc.,, Characterisation of in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: a prospective, multicentre cohort study, 2021.07.17,, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00799-6 . This study finds that complications and worse functional outcomes in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are high, even in young, previously healthy individuals. Acute complications are associated with reduced ability to self-care at discharge, with neurological complications being associated with the worst functional outcomes. COVID-19 complications are likely to cause a substantial strain on health and social care in the coming years. These data will help in the design and provision of services aimed at the post-hospitalisation care of patients with COVID-19.

161. Benedetta Vai, Mario Gennaro Mazza, etc.,, Mental disorders and risk of COVID-19-related mortality, hospitalisation, and intensive care unit admission: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 2021.07.15, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00232-7 . This study finds that pre-existing mental disorders, in particular psychotic and mood disorders, and exposure to antipsychotics and anxiolytics were associated with COVID-19 mortality in both crude and adjusted models. Although further research is required to determine the underlying mechanisms, the findings of the study highlight the need for targeted approaches to manage and prevent COVID-19 in at-risk patient groups identified in this study.

160. Kate Causey, Nancy Fullman, etc., , Estimating global and regional disruptions to routine childhood vaccine coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020: a modelling study, 2021.07.14 , https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01337-4 . This article finds that routine immunisation services faced stark challenges in 2020. Although the latest coverage trajectories point towards recovery in some regions, a combination of lagging catch-up immunisation services, continued SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and persistent gaps in vaccine coverage before the pandemic still left millions of children under-vaccinated or unvaccinated against preventable diseases at the end of 2020, and these gaps are likely to extend throughout 2021. Strengthening routine immunisation data systems and efforts to target resources and outreach will be essential to minimise the risk of vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks, reach children who missed routine vaccine doses during the pandemic, and accelerate progress towards higher and more equitable vaccination coverage over the next decade.

159. Sarah Matheson AM,Artemis Kirkinis, Compulsory licence and Crown use provisions in the Covid-19 pandemic—the Australian perspective, 2021.05.03, https://academic.oup.com/jiplp/article/16/6/484/6263427 . In the global COVID-19 pandemic, governments face considerable global pressures including the need to guarantee the supply of a vaccine or treatments and medical equipment, which could lead to the compulsory licence or Crown use provisions being invoked.However, to date, collaborative approaches have prevailed; there have been some unconventional approaches to intellectual property rights, and considerable efforts to repurpose existing technology that shows any promise of application in the present context. It may be that patented technology can be accessed without the need to invoke them. Instead, the mere fact of their existence may encourage an otherwise reluctant patentee to reach a timely arrangement for access to patented technology or products. In this way, compulsory licence and Crown use provisions serve an important role as safeguards to ensure the appropriate balance between a patentee’s reward for its investment, and the need for access to patented technology during a public health crisis.

158. Justin McCrary, Sarath Sanga, The Impact of the Coronavirus Lockdown on Domestic Violence, 2021.05.30, https://doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahab003 . The authors use 911 call records and mobile device location data to study the impact of the coronavirus lockdown on domestic violence. The percent of people at home sharply increased at all hours, and nearly doubled during regular working hours, from 45% to 85%. Domestic violence increased 12% on average and 20% during working hours. Using neighborhood-level identifiers, this article shows that the rate of first-time abuse likely increased even more: 16% on average and 23% during working hours. This article’s results contribute to an urgent need to quantify the physical and psychological burdens of prolonged lockdown policies.

157. Kei Matsumoto, Christoph Rademacher, Ayako Suga, Protecting IP Licenses and Jointly Owned IP in the Age of COVID-19: Insolvency and Force Majeure Events under Japanese Law, 2021.07.07, https://doi.org/10.1093/grurint/ikab008 . This article provides an overview and discussion of a multitude of issues that are relevant for IP licensing under Japanese law.

156. Victoria Adelmant, Philip Alston, Matthew Blainey, Human Rights and Climate Change Litigation: One Step Forward, Two Steps Backwards in the Irish Supreme Court, 2021.07.07, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhuman/huab009 . This article considers that climate change litigation is a rapidly growing field in many countries and human rights obligations are increasingly an integral part of the equation. The Irish Supreme Court’ s 2020 judgment invalidating Ireland’ s National Mitigation Plan for transitioning to a low carbon, climate resilient and environmentally sustainable economy by 2050 warrants far more critical scrutiny. The Court’ s findings on standing to sue, the relevance of human rights provisions in this context, and the existence of a derived right to a healthy environment, are all retrogressive and augurbadly for the future of rights-based climate change litigation in Ireland.

155. Prabhash Ranjan, Compulsory licences and ISDS in Covid-19 times: relevance of the new Indian investment treaty practice, 2021.07.13, https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpab084 . This article points out that foreign investors are increasingly making use of investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS) to enforce their intellectual property rights. In this context, and taking into account the significance of compulsory licences (CLs) as a regulatory tool to fight the Covid-19 pandemic, this article studies India's new investment treaty practice on the issuance of CLs and finds that India’ s new investment treaty practice elucidates how India can issue CLs without worrying about investor-state dispute settlement claims.

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